上一节讲到HystrixCommand的执行流程。
Hystrix内部将一些模块实现成了插件,并且提供了用户提供自己的实现,通过配置来替换插件。Hystrix提供了5个插件,分别为并发相关插件(HystrixConcurrencyStrategy)、事件通知插件(HystrixEventNotifier)、度量信息插件(HystrixMetricsPublisher)Properties配置插件(HystrixPropertiesStrategy)、插件HystrixCommand回调函数类(HystrixCommandExecutionHook)。
想要使用自定义的插件,需要实现相应接口,然后通过HystrixPlugins注册插件、或者通过配置配置自定义插件、或者将插件放在类路径。HystrixPlugins获取插件顺序:
1.HystrixPlugins 会使用通过register注册的实现类。
2.HystrixPlugins会去properties(HystrixDynamicProperties)配置下需找相应类型的实现类。
3.通过ServiceLoader获取相应类型的实现类。
4.使用默认实现类。
本质原理是,Hystrix内部通过接口方式编程,具体实现通过HystrixPlugins获取。HystrixPlugins会根据设定的顺序获取插件。
public HystrixCommandExecutionHook getCommandExecutionHook() {
//如果HystrixPlugins没有注册插件
if (commandExecutionHook.get() == null) {
//通过配置文件和查找类路径实现接口
Object impl = getPluginImplementation(HystrixCommandExecutionHook.class);
//如果没有实现自定义插件,使用默认插件
if (impl == null) {
commandExecutionHook.compareAndSet(null, HystrixCommandExecutionHookDefault.getInstance());
} else {
commandExecutionHook.compareAndSet(null, (HystrixCommandExecutionHook) impl);
}
}
return commandExecutionHook.get();
}
private <T> T getPluginImplementation(Class<T> pluginClass) {
T p = getPluginImplementationViaProperties(pluginClass, dynamicProperties);
if (p != null) return p;
return findService(pluginClass, classLoader);
}
private static <T> T getPluginImplementationViaProperties(Class<T> pluginClass, HystrixDynamicProperties dynamicProperties) {
String classSimpleName = pluginClass.getSimpleName();
String propertyName = "hystrix.plugin." + classSimpleName + ".implementation";
String implementingClass = dynamicProperties.getString(propertyName, null).get();
if (implementingClass != null) {
...
Class<?> cls = Class.forName(implementingClass);
cls = cls.asSubclass(pluginClass);
return (T) cls.newInstance();
...
} else {
return null;
}
}
private static <T> T findService(
Class<T> spi,
ClassLoader classLoader) throws ServiceConfigurationError {
ServiceLoader<T> sl = ServiceLoader.load(spi,
classLoader);
for (T s : sl) {
if (s != null)
return s;
}
return null;
}
HystrixEventNotifier
在HystrixCommand和HystrixObservableCommand执行过程中会触发一些事件,实现HystrixEventNotifier可以监听这些事件进行一些告警和数据收集。
EMIT | 当发射一个返回数据时,发送该消息,HystrixCommand不会发送该消息 |
SUCCESS | 当发射一个返回数据时,发送该消息。 |
FAILURE | |
TIMEOUT | 发生time out异常时,发送该类型消息 |
BAD_REQUEST | 发生bad request异常时,发送该类型消息 |
SHORT_CIRCUITED | 熔断异常时,发送该类型消息 |
THREAD_POOL_REJECTED | 处理线程池拒绝异常时,发送该类型消息 |
SEMAPHORE_REJECTED | 处理信号量拒绝异常时,发送该类型消息 |
FALLBACK_EMIT | 当fallback发射一个返回数据时,发送该消息,HystrixCommand不会发送该消息 |
FALLBACK_SUCCESS | 当fallback执行结束时,发送该消息。 |
FALLBACK_FAILURE | 当fallback执行异常并且异常不为UnsupportedOperationException时,发送该消息。 |
FALLBACK_REJECTION | 当fallback执行超过指定并发量被拒绝时,发送该消息。 |
FALLBACK_MISSING | 当fallback执行异常并且异常为UnsupportedOperationException时,发送该消息。 |
EXCEPTION_THROWN | 当执行命令或fallback出现异常时,发送该消息 |
RESPONSE_FROM_CACHE | 从缓存中获取结果时,发送该类型消息 |
CANCELLED | |
COLLAPSED | 当创建一个新的批量执行命令时,发送该类型消息 |
HystrixCommandExecutionHook
在HystrixCommand和HystrixObservableCommand执行过程中会调用HystrixCommandExecutionHook的相应方法,通过实现HystrixCommandExecutionHook可以在HystrixCommand或HystrixObservableCommand执行期间的响应阶段进行回调。
方法 | 调用点 |
---|---|
onStart |
HystrixInvokable执行前被调用 |
onEmit |
whenever the HystrixInvokable emits a value |
onError |
if the HystrixInvokable fails with an exception |
onSuccess |
iHystrixInvokable执行成功 |
onThreadStart |
at the start of thread execution if the HystrixInvokable is a HystrixCommand executed using the THREAD ExecutionIsolationStrategy |
onThreadComplete |
at the completion of thread execution if the HystrixInvokable is a HystrixCommand executed using the THREAD ExecutionIsolationStrategy |
onExecutionStart |
when the user-defined execution method in the HystrixInvokable begins |
onExecutionEmit |
whenever the user-defined execution method in the HystrixInvokable emits a value |
onExecutionError |
when the user-defined execution method in the HystrixInvokable fails with an exception |
onExecutionSuccess |
when the user-defined execution method in the HystrixInvokable completes successfully |
onFallbackStart |
if the HystrixInvokable attempts to call the fallback method |
onFallbackEmit |
whenever the fallback method in the HystrixInvokable emits a value |
onFallbackError |
if the fallback method in the HystrixInvokable fails with an exception or does not exist when a call attempt is made |
onFallbackSuccess |
if the fallback method in the HystrixInvokable completes successfully |
onCacheHit |
if the response to the HystrixInvokable is found in the HystrixRequestCache |
onUnsubscribe |
Metrics发布
通过实现HystrixMetricsPublisher可以获取所有实例的metrics信息,这样我们就可以获取和存储这些metrics信息,以便后续处理。默认的实现不会发布这些metrics信息。
在创建AbstractCommand,HystrixThreadPoolDefault,HystrixObservableCollapser时分别会通过HystrixPlugins获取HystrixMetricsPublisherCommand,HystrixMetricsPublisherThreadPool,HystrixMetricsPublisherCollapser并初始化。
protected AbstractCommand(HystrixCommandGroupKey group, HystrixCommandKey key, HystrixThreadPoolKey threadPoolKey, HystrixCircuitBreaker circuitBreaker, HystrixThreadPool threadPool,
HystrixCommandProperties.Setter commandPropertiesDefaults, HystrixThreadPoolProperties.Setter threadPoolPropertiesDefaults,
HystrixCommandMetrics metrics, TryableSemaphore fallbackSemaphore, TryableSemaphore executionSemaphore,
HystrixPropertiesStrategy propertiesStrategy, HystrixCommandExecutionHook executionHook) {
...
HystrixMetricsPublisherFactory.createOrRetrievePublisherForCommand(this.commandKey, this.commandGroup, this.metrics, this.circuitBreaker, this.properties);
...
}
public HystrixThreadPoolDefault(HystrixThreadPoolKey threadPoolKey, HystrixThreadPoolProperties.Setter propertiesDefaults) {
this.properties = HystrixPropertiesFactory.getThreadPoolProperties(threadPoolKey, propertiesDefaults);
...
HystrixMetricsPublisherFactory.createOrRetrievePublisherForThreadPool(threadPoolKey, this.metrics, this.properties);
}
HystrixObservableCollapser(HystrixCollapserKey collapserKey, Scope scope, CollapserTimer timer, HystrixCollapserProperties.Setter propertiesBuilder, HystrixCollapserMetrics metrics) {
... HystrixMetricsPublisherFactory.createOrRetrievePublisherForCollapser(collapserKey, this.metrics, properties);
...
}
配置策略
配置策略的作用是提供Hystrix配置信息。
在创建AbstractCommand,HystrixThreadPoolDefault,HystrixObservableCollapser时分别会通过HystrixPropertiesStrategy获取HystrixCommandProperties,HystrixThreadPoolProperties,HystrixCollapserProperties并初始化。
private static HystrixCommandProperties initCommandProperties(HystrixCommandKey commandKey, HystrixPropertiesStrategy propertiesStrategy, HystrixCommandProperties.Setter commandPropertiesDefaults) {
if (propertiesStrategy == null) {
return HystrixPropertiesFactory.getCommandProperties(commandKey, commandPropertiesDefaults);
} else {
// used for unit testing
return propertiesStrategy.getCommandProperties(commandKey, commandPropertiesDefaults);
}
}
public HystrixThreadPoolDefault(HystrixThreadPoolKey threadPoolKey, HystrixThreadPoolProperties.Setter propertiesDefaults) {
this.properties = HystrixPropertiesFactory.getThreadPoolProperties(threadPoolKey, propertiesDefaults);
...
}
HystrixObservableCollapser(HystrixCollapserKey collapserKey, Scope scope, CollapserTimer timer, HystrixCollapserProperties.Setter propertiesBuilder, HystrixCollapserMetrics metrics) {
...
HystrixCollapserProperties properties = HystrixPropertiesFactory.getCollapserProperties(collapserKey, propertiesBuilder);
...
}
并发策略
** **并发策略可以让用户自定义实现线程池、请求作用域、Callable。